YÖKDİL Anlam Akışını Bozan Cümle Çözümlü Örnek Sorular

Metin 1

(I) Firms often charge different customers different prices for essentially the same product, a practice that economists call price discrimination. (II) Cinemas, for instance, frequently offer lower prices to students and older people, while airlines charge more for tickets bought shortly before departure. (III) Many consumers regard such practices as unfair, particularly when they discover that the person next to them paid much less for the same seat. (IV) The strategy works because different groups of customers are willing to pay different amounts, and the firm can earn more by charging each group what it is prepared to pay. (V) For it to succeed, however, the firm must be able to prevent customers who pay low prices from reselling the product to those who would otherwise pay more.

Metin 2

(I) Educators often strive to help students transfer their learning to new situations. (II) Near transfer occurs when the context is similar, such as solving a physics problem after studying a similar example. (III) The invention of the printing press revolutionised access to knowledge in the 15th century. (IV) Far transfer, in contrast, involves applying concepts to entirely different domains, like using geometry in art. (V) Techniques such as analogical reasoning and project-based learning can enhance transfer skills.

Metin 3

(I) Most materials expand when they are heated and contract when they cool, and engineers must take this into account when designing large structures. (II) Some materials, such as certain ceramics, have been specially developed to change their size very little over a wide range of temperatures. (III) A long bridge, for example, may become noticeably longer on a hot summer afternoon than it is on a cold winter night. (IV) If the ends of the bridge were fixed firmly in place, this change in length would create enormous forces that could crack the deck or damage the supports. (V) For this reason, bridges are built with expansion joints, gaps covered by interlocking metal plates that allow the structure to lengthen and shorten safely.

Metin 4

(I) Social psychologists have observed that people are less likely to help a stranger in an emergency when other people are present. (II) Emergency services in large cities receive many calls that turn out not to require urgent assistance. (III) One explanation for this bystander effect is the diffusion of responsibility, whereby each witness assumes that someone else will act. (IV) Another is that people look to others for cues, so if no one appears alarmed, each individual concludes that the situation is not serious. (V) Interestingly, a direct request made to one particular person in the crowd can greatly increase the chance that help will be offered.

Metin 5

(I) Researchers across the world have shown growing interest in how environmental conditions affect kidney function over time. (II) Thanks to advances in technology, scientists can now track the effect of pollution on the immune system more precisely than before. (III) According to one theory, lack of clean water and constant exposure to polluted air can lead to kidney failure in the long run. (IV) Many students keep a notebook to note down their study schedule before spring exams. (V) Back in the 1990s, the connection between weight gain and kidney condition was rarely studied, but now it is considered essential.

Metin 6

(I) Many households keep detailed monthly budgets in order to keep track of their spending on food, rent and transport. (II) Behavioural economists have found that people tend to feel the pain of a loss more strongly than the pleasure of an equivalent gain. (III) This tendency, known as loss aversion, helps to explain why investors often hold on to falling shares for too long. (IV) Selling the shares would turn a loss on paper into a real one, which many people find psychologically difficult to accept. (V) The same bias also makes consumers react more strongly to a surcharge than to a discount of the same amount.

Metin 7

(I) Ocean currents are vital for transporting nutrients from the deep sea to sunlit surface waters. (II) This upwelling process supports the growth of phytoplankton, the base of the marine food web. (III) Many coastal regions rely on these nutrient-rich waters for their fishing industries. (IV) The melting of polar ice caps has accelerated in recent decades due to global warming. (V) Without such nutrient transport, marine ecosystems would be far less productive.

Metin 8

(I) Children of immigrant parents often grow up between two cultures, and this condition can eventually lead to a lack of a clear sense of identity. (II) Many children raised in developed countries by parents from different regions struggle to reconcile the differences between their home culture and the culture of their new land. (III) Global carbon emissions have risen sharply in the second half of the twentieth century, forcing developed nations to reconsider their energy policies. (IV) Some experts believe that these children later develop a hybrid identity that combines elements from both cultures. (V) However, others feel that without proper support, such children may face identity confusion well into adulthood.

Metin 9

(I) In many developing countries, a large share of workers earn their living in the informal economy, outside the reach of labour laws and tax systems. (II) Colourful street markets in such countries also attract tourists who are interested in local crafts and traditional food. (III) Such work, which includes street vending and small-scale repair services, offers flexibility and easy entry for people with little capital. (IV) However, informal workers typically lack access to social protection such as pensions, health insurance and unemployment benefits. (V) Governments seeking to reduce poverty must therefore find ways to extend basic protection to these workers without destroying the flexibility that makes this sector attractive.

Metin 10

(I) Clinical trials have historically underrepresented ethnic minorities, leading to gaps in understanding how treatments affect diverse groups. (II) A new class of drugs targets specific protein interactions to block tumor growth at the molecular level. (III) This lack of diversity can result in unforeseen side effects when medications are used across broader populations. (IV) Regulatory agencies now encourage sponsors to enroll participants that reflect the demographic composition of the target patient group. (V) Without such inclusive practices, the generalizability of trial outcomes remains severely limited.